Concrete Permeability Tester (Single Cell)
Working Principle & Sample Placement
A. Working Principle (Step by Step)
1. Objective
The Concrete Permeability Tester is used to determine the water permeability of hardened concrete, i.e., the resistance of concrete to water penetration under pressure.
2. Test Concept
Water is applied to one face of the concrete specimen under a constant, predetermined pressure.
The rate of water flow or depth of penetration through concrete is measured.
Lower flow/penetration indicates denser and more durable concrete.
3. Specimen Saturation
The concrete specimen is fully saturated before testing.
This eliminates air voids and ensures steady water flow conditions.
4. Application of Water Pressure
Water pressure is applied using a hydraulic pump or pressure system.
Pressure is maintained at a constant value (as per standard).
5. Water Flow Through Concrete
Water penetrates through the capillary pores of concrete.
Flow depends on:
Pore structure
Water–cement ratio
Degree of compaction and curing
6. Measurement
Depending on test method:
Quantity of water passed in a given time is measured
OR
After test duration, the specimen is split and depth of water penetration is measured.
7. Evaluation
Permeability coefficient or penetration depth is calculated.
Result indicates impermeability class of concrete.
B. How to Add / Place the Sample (Step by Step)
1. Specimen Size
Usually 150 mm diameter × 150–300 mm height cylinder
(as per IS / DIN / EN standard followed)
2. Surface Preparation
Test surface must be smooth and plane.
Loose particles are cleaned.
If required, the surface is ground flat.
3. Rubber Gasket Placement
Place the rubber sealing gasket inside the permeability cell.
This ensures leak-proof sealing.
4. Positioning the Sample
Insert the concrete specimen into the single test cell.
Ensure the test face is oriented towards water pressure.
5. Top Plate & Sealing
Place the top plate/loading plate over the specimen.
Tighten bolts uniformly in a criss-cross pattern.
Ensure no side leakage.
6. Connection of Water Line
Connect inlet pipe from pressure pump to the cell.
Outlet or drain line is kept open or connected as required.
7. Pressure Application
Gradually apply the specified water pressure.
Check for leaks before starting timing.
8. Test Duration
Maintain pressure for the specified time (e.g., 72 hours).
Record observations.
One-Line Working Principle (Viva Ready)
Concrete permeability is determined by applying constant water pressure on a concrete specimen and measuring the water penetration or flow through it.
Standards Commonly Followed
- IS: 3085 – Water Permeability of Concrete
- DIN 1048
- EN 12390-8
